<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mprj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская психология в России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Psychology in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2219-8245</issn><publisher><publisher-name>федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ярославский государственный медицинский университет"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2219-8245-2026-18-1-17-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mprj-142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПСИХОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES IN MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Этические дилеммы в психологическом консультировании: что делают практики и как они это оценивают?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ethical dilemmas in psychological counseling: what do practitioners do and how do they evaluate it?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8517-8366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Юлия Владимировна, Клинический психолог, член Коллегии по этике психологов и психотерапевтов, член Ассоциации когнитивно-бихевиоральных терапевтов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Psychologist, Member of the College of Ethics of Psychologists and Psychotherapists, Member of the Association of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mail@zakharova.info</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаранян</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garanyan</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаранян Наталья Георгиевна, Доктор психологических наук, профессор кафедры клинической психологии и психотерапии, факультет консультативной и клинической психологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Counseling and Clinical Psychology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">garanian@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-6487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокова</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokova</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокова Марина Геннадьевна, Доктор педагогических наук, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой «Цифровое образование», руководитель Научно-практического центра по комплексному сопровождению психологических исследований PsyDATA</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Digital Education Department, Head of the Department PsyDATA Scientific and Practical Center for Comprehensive Support of Psychological Research</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sorokovamg@mgppu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО МГППУ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО МГППУ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Psychology and Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова Ю.В., Гаранян Н.Г., Сорокова М.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова Ю.В., Гаранян Н.Г., Сорокова М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova Y.V., Garanyan N.G., Sorokova M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mprj.ru/jour/article/view/142">https://www.mprj.ru/jour/article/view/142</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Систематические исследования профессиональных этических установок и поведения психологов-консультантов имеют большое значение для становления этической культуры психологической практики. Однако в России, несмотря на бурное развитие психологического консультирования, такие исследования до сих пор не проводились.Цель исследования. Изучить частоту совершения потенциально спорных с этической точки зрения действий в практике российских психологов-консультантов, оценку их этической допустимости, а также влияние пола и уровня профессиональной подготовки на поведение и убеждения.Материалы и методы. В анонимном онлайн опросе, проводившемся в 2019 и 2023 г.г., принял участие 161 респондент. Использовалась адаптированная для российских условий методика К. Поупа и Б. Табачник. Участники заполняли анкету и оценивали частоту 75 видов профессионального поведения и их этическую допустимость по 5-балльным шкалам.Результаты. Выявлено существенное расхождение между этическими убеждениями специалистов и их реальной практикой, особенно в сферах конфиденциальности, управления собственным дистрессом, неформальных форм взаимодействия с клиентами и границ компетентности. Обозначены «серые зоны» практики, где нет этического консенсуса среди профессионалов. Обнаружены статистически значимые гендерные различия: мужчины-психологи чаще вовлекаются в практики, ослабляющие профессиональные границы, и чаще сообщают о сексуальных фантазиях в отношении клиентов. Наличие профильного высшего образования не снижает общую частоту этических нарушений, а лишь меняет их профиль, что ставит под вопрос эффективность текущих моделей подготовки.Выводы. Исследование демонстрирует необходимость развития систематического этического мониторинга в российском профессиональном сообществе как механизма коллективной рефлексии и профессиональной саморегуляции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Systematic studies of the professional ethical attitudes and behavior of counseling psychologists are of great importance for the development of an ethical culture in psychological practice. However, despite the rapid development of psychological counseling in Russia, such studies have not yet been conducted.Study Objective. To examine the frequency of potentially ethically controversial actions in the practice of Russian counseling psychologists, assess their ethical acceptability, and the influence of gender and level of professional training on behavior and beliefs.Materials and Methods. A total of 161 respondents participated in an anonymous online survey conducted in 2019 and 2023. A methodology developed by K. Pope and B. Tabachnik, adapted for the Russian context, was used. Participants completed a questionnaire and rated the frequency of 75 types of professional behavior and their ethical acceptability on a 5-point scale.Results. A significant discrepancy was revealed between the ethical beliefs of professionals and their actual practices, particularly in the areas of confidentiality, managing their own distress, informal forms of interaction with clients, and boundaries of competence. "Gray areas" of practice, where there is no ethical consensus among professionals, were identified. Statistically significant gender differences were found: male psychologists were more likely to engage in practices that weaken professional boundaries and were more likely to report sexual fantasies about clients. Having a specialized higher education did not reduce the overall frequency of ethical violations, but only changed their profile, calling into question the effectiveness of current training models.Conclusions. The study demonstrates the need to develop systematic ethical monitoring in the Russian professional community as a mechanism for collective reflection and professional self-regulation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональная этика психолога</kwd><kwd>этические дилеммы</kwd><kwd>психологическое консультирование.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>professional ethics of psychologists</kwd><kwd>ethical dilemmas</kwd><kwd>psychological counseling.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаранян Н.Г., Захарова Ю.В., Сорокова М.Г. Этические установки российских психологов-консультантов: область разногласий и потенциальных конфликтов. Консультативная психология и психотерапия. 2020; 28(1):87-112. doi:10.17759/cpp.2020280106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garanyan N.G., Zakharova Yu.V., Sorokova M.G. Ethical attitudes of Russian psychologists-consultants: the area of disagreement and potential conflicts. Consultative psychology and psychotherapy. 2020; 28(1):87-112. 2020280106 (in Russian) doi: 10.17759/cpp</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щедринская О.М., Бебчук М.А. Онлайн-консультирование через призму профессиональной этики: проблемы и решения. Консультативная психология и психотерапия. 2020; 28(3):84-99. doi:10.17759/cpp.2020280306</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchedrinskaya O.M., Bebchuk M.A. Online counseling through the prism of professional ethics: problems and solutions. Consultative psychology and psychotherapy. 2020; 28(3):84-99. 2020280106 (in Russian) doi: 10.17759/cpp.2020280306</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кисельникова Н.В., Захарова Ю.В., Клюева Н.В., Хамитова И.Ю., Покрышкин А.Г. Международная конференция по этике в психологическом консультировании и психотерапии. Психологический журнал. 2017;38(6):115-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiselnikova N.V., Zakharova Yu.V., Klyueva N.V., Khamitova I.Yu., Pokryshkin A.G. International Conference on Ethics in Psychological Counseling and Psychotherapy. Psychological Journal. 2017; 38(6):115-117. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Армашова А.Б. Этические дилеммы во взаимодействии психолога-консультанта и клиента: Автореф. канд. дисс. Ярославль, 2018. С. 277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armashova A.B. Eticheskiye dilemmy vo vzaimodeystvii psikhologa-konsul'tanta i kliyenta: Avtoref. kand. diss. Yaroslavl'. 2018: 277 с. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова Ю.В. Проявление морального отчуждения у психологов-консультантов в ситуациях профессионального взаимодействия с клиентами. Психология. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2024; 21(1):123-143. doi:10.17323/1813-8918-20234-1-123-143</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova Yu.V. Moral disengagement in counselling psychologists in situations of professional interaction with clients. Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics. 2024; 21(1):123-143. (in Russian) doi:10.17323/1813-8918-20234-1-123-143</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крючков К.С. Представления практических психологов об этических нормах при разрешении профессиональных дилемм: Автореф. канд. дисс. Москва, 2023. С. 193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kryuchkov K.S. Predstavleniya prakticheskikh psikhologov ob eticheskikh normakh pri razreshenii professionalnikh dilemm: Avtoref. kand. diss. Moskva, 2023: 193 с. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pope K.S., Tabachnick B.G., Keith-Spiegel P. Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist. 1987; 42:993-1006. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.42.11.993</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pope K.S., Tabachnick B.G., Keith-Spiegel P. Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist. 1987; 42:993-1006. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.42.11.993</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pope K.S., Tabachnick B.G. Therapists’ beliefs and practices regarding ethical issues in psychotherapy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 1993; 24(2):152-158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pope K.S., Tabachnick B.G. Therapists’ beliefs and practices regarding ethical issues in psychotherapy. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 1993; 24(2):152-158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pope K.S., Vasques M.J.T. Ethics in Psychotherapy and Counseling: A Practical Guide (5rd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2016. 512 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pope K.S., Vasques M.J.T. Ethics in Psychotherapy and Counseling: A Practical Guide (5rd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2016. 512 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российский рынок психологических услуг показал рекордный рост и достиг ₽49,7 млрд. 2025. [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://myseldon.com/ru/news/index/326947154</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Russian psychological services market showed record growth and reached ₽49.7 billion in 2025. (in Russian). Available at: https://myseldon.com/ru/news/index/326947154 (accessed 14 January 2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delgadillo J., Saxon D., Barkham M. Associations between therapists' occupational burnout and their patients' depression and anxiety treatment outcomes. Depression and Anxiety. 2018; 35(9):844-850. doi: 10.1002/da.22766</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Delgadillo J., Saxon D., Barkham M. Associations between therapists' occupational burnout and their patients' depression and anxiety treatment outcomes. Depression and Anxiety. 2018; 35(9):844-850. doi: 10.1002/da.22766</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Psychological Association, 2024. APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://apps.apa.org/APACommentingPortal/attachments/Site125_Draft%20Revised%20Code_Final_Dec_2024.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Psychological Association, 2024. APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct Available at: https://apps.apa.org/APACommentingPortal/attachments/Site125_Draft%20Revised%20Code_Final_Dec_2024.pdf (accessed 14 January 2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mitchell S.A. Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis: An integration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, 1988. 340 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mitchell S.A. Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis: An integration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, 1988. 340 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aron L.A. Meeting of Minds: Mutuality in Psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press, 1996. 292 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aron L.A. Meeting of Minds: Mutuality in Psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press, 1996. 292 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benjamin J. Like subjects, love objects: essays on recognition and sexual difference. Publisher New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995. 260 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benjamin J. Like subjects, love objects: essays on recognition and sexual difference. Publisher New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995. 260 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen S., Lowry L. Payment schedules do not affect attendance/completion of group behavioral parent training. Psychological Services. 2012; 9(1):101-9. doi: 10.1037/a0027101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen S., Lowry L. Payment schedules do not affect attendance/completion of group behavioral parent training. Psychological Services. 2012; 9(1):101-9. doi: 10.1037/a0027101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freidson E. Professionalism: the Third Logic. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2001. 250 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freidson E. Professionalism: the Third Logic. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2001. 250 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tourangeau R., Yan T. Sensitive questions in surveys. Psychological Bulletin 2007; 133(5):859-83. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.859</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tourangeau R., Yan T. Sensitive questions in surveys. Psychological Bulletin 2007; 133(5):859-83. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.859</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zelizer V. The Social Meaning of Money: Pin Money, Paychecks, Poor Relief, and Other Currencies. Princeton: University Press, 2017. 340 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zelizer V. The Social Meaning of Money: Pin Money, Paychecks, Poor Relief, and Other Currencies. Princeton: University Press, 2017. 340 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zur O. Boundaries in Psychotherapy: Ethical and Clinical Explorations. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2007. 267 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zur O. Boundaries in Psychotherapy: Ethical and Clinical Explorations. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2007. 267 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reamer F. Social Work in the Digital Age: Ethics and Risk Management Challenges. Social Work. 2013; 58(2):163-172. doi: 10.1093/sw/swt0032020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reamer F. Social Work in the Digital Age: Ethics and Risk Management Challenges. Social Work. 2013; 58(2):163-172. doi: 10.1093/sw/swt0032020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reamer F.G. Evolving Ethical Standards in the Digital Age. Australian Social Work. 2016; 70(2):1-12. doi: 10.1080/0312407X.2016.1146314</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reamer F.G. Evolving Ethical Standards in the Digital Age. Australian Social Work. 2016; 70(2):1-12. doi: 10.1080/0312407X.2016.1146314</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reamer F.G. Social work values and ethics. (5th ed.). NY: Columbia University Press, 2018. 279 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reamer F.G. Social work values and ethics. (5th ed.). NY: Columbia University Press, 2018. 279 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Psychiatric Association, 2013. APA The Principles of Medical Ethics [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Practice/Ethics%20Documents/principles2013--final.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Psychiatric Association, 2013. APA The Principles of Medical Ethics. Available at:https://https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Practice/Ethics%20Documents/principles2013--final.pdf (accessed 14 January 2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Association of Psychotherapy, 2018. EAP Statement of Ethical-Principles [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://www.europsyche.org/Resources/EAP-Documents/Statement-of-Ethical-Principles</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Association of Psychotherapy, 2018. EAP Statement of Ethical-Principles. Available at: https://www.europsyche.org/Resources/EAP-Documents/Statement-of-Ethical-Principles (accessed 14 January 2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Federation of Psychologists' Association, 2015. EFPA Meta-code of ethics [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: https://www.efpa.eu/sites/default/files/2023-04/meta-code-of-ethics.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Federation of Psychologists' Association, 2015. EFPA Meta-code of ethics. Available at: https://www.efpa.eu/sites/default/files/2023-04/meta-code-of-ethics.pdf (accessed 14 January 2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borys D.S., Pope K.S. Dual relationships between therapist and client: A national study of psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 1989; 20:283-290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borys D.S., Pope K.S. Dual relationships between therapist and client: A national study of psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 1989; 20:283-290.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vesentini L., Van Puyenbroeck B., De Wachter D., Matthys F., Bilsen J. Sexual feelings toward clients in the Psychotherapeutic relationship: the taboo revealed. Qualitative Health Research. 2021; 31(5):999-1011. doi: 10.1177/1049732321990654</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vesentini L., Van Puyenbroeck B., De Wachter D., Matthys F., Bilsen J. Sexual feelings toward clients in the Psychotherapeutic relationship: the taboo revealed. Qualitative Health Research. 2021; 31(5):999-1011. doi: 10.1177/1049732321990654</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milton A.C., Mullan B., Hunt C. Information giving challenges and support strategies at the time of a mental health diagnosis: qualitative views from Australian health professionals. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016; 51(5):735-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milton A.C., Mullan B., Hunt C. Information giving challenges and support strategies at the time of a mental health diagnosis: qualitative views from Australian health professionals. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016; 51(5):735-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naeini А., Ranjbar H., Mohammadsadeghi H., Alavi K., Аhmadkhaniha H., Rasoulian M. Assessment of psychiatrists’ approaches regarding disclosure of psychiatric disorders to their patients: a qualitative study. Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran. 2020; (34):82. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.34.82</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naeini А., Ranjbar H., Mohammadsadeghi H., Alavi K., Аhmadkhaniha H., Rasoulian M. Assessment of psychiatrists’ approaches regarding disclosure of psychiatric disorders to their patients: a qualitative study. Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran. 2020;(34):82. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.34.82</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drosak R., Uyruh T., Bateman A. Mentalization-Based treatment of pathological narcissism: handbook. Oxford: University Press, 2023. 556 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drosak R., Uyruh T., Bateman A. Mentalization-Based treatment of pathological narcissism: handbook. Oxford: University Press, 2023. 556 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Rooy M., Milota M., van Geelen S., de Bruin L., Scheepers F. The meaning of ‘acceptance’ of a psychiatric diagnosis: qualitative study of illness narratives with review of the literature. British Journal of Psychiatry Open. 2025; 11(e194): 1–10. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10810</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Rooy M., Milota M., van Geelen S., de Bruin L., Scheepers F. The meaning of ‘acceptance’ of a psychiatric diagnosis: qualitative study of illness narratives with review of the literature. British Journal of Psychiatry Open. 2025; 11(e194): 1–10. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10810</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wenzel A., Brown G.K., Beck A.T. Cognitive Therapy for Suicidal Patients: Scientific and Clinical Applications. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2008. 377 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wenzel A., Brown G.K., Beck A.T. Cognitive Therapy for Suicidal Patients: Scientific and Clinical Applications. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2008. 377 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Холмогорова А.Б. Суицидальное поведение: теоретическая модель и практика помощи в когнитивно-бихевиоральной терапии. Консультативная психология и психотерапия. 2016; 24(3):144-163. doi:10.17759/cpp.2016240309</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kholmogorova A.B. Suicidal behavior: a theoretical model and practical assistance in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Consultative psychology and psychotherapy. 2016; 24(3):144-163. (in Russian) doi: 10.17759/cpp.2016240309</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pope K.S., Keith-Spiegel P., Tabachnick B.G. Sexual attraction to clients: The human therapist and the (sometimes) inhuman training system. American Psychologist, 1986; 41(2):147-158. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.41.2.147</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pope K.S., Keith-Spiegel P., Tabachnick B.G. Sexual attraction to clients: The human therapist and the (sometimes) inhuman training system. American Psychologist, 1986; 41(2):147-158. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.41.2.147</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Merritt A. C., Effron D.A., Monin, B. Moral self-licensing: When being good frees us to be bad. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 2010; 4(5):344-357. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00263</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Merritt A.C., Effron D.A., Monin B. Moral self-licensing: When being good frees us to be bad. Social and Personality Psychology Compass. 2010; 4(5):344-357. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00263</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
